1. Front-End (Client-Side) Technologies:

The front-end is responsible for everything the user interacts with directly. In a Java full-stack environment, front-end development typically involves:

– HTML/CSS: Core technologies for structuring and styling web pages.

– JavaScript: A language for creating interactive and dynamic web pages.

– Frameworks/Libraries:

  – React: A JavaScript library for building user interfaces.

  – Angular: A TypeScript-based framework for building single-page applications (SPA).

  – Vue.js: A progressive JavaScript framework for building modern web apps.

  – Bootstrap: A front-end framework for responsive, mobile-first web design.

  2.  Back-End (Server-Side) Technologies:

The back-end is responsible for business logic, database interactions, and user authentication. In Java full-stack development, these technologies are usually used:

– Java: The core language used for the back-end development.

– Spring Framework:

  – Spring Boot: Simplifies Java back-end development by providing pre-configured setups for building microservices and web applications.

  – Spring MVC: A model-view-controller framework for creating web applications.

  – Spring Security: For handling authentication and authorization.

  – Spring Data JPA: Simplifies database interactions using Java Persistence API (JPA).

– RESTful APIs: Used to build APIs for communication between front-end and back-end.

– WebSockets: For real-time communication between client and server.

3. Database Technologies:

Databases store the application data. Full-stack Java developers work with both relational and non-relational databases:

– Relational Databases (SQL):

  – MySQL

  – PostgreSQL

  – Oracle Database

– NoSQL Databases:

  – MongoDB: A document-based NoSQL database.

  – Cassandra: A highly scalable NoSQL database designed for large amounts of data.

4. Version Control and Collaboration Tools:

– Git: A distributed version control system for managing code changes.

– GitHub/GitLab/Bitbucket: Platforms for hosting and collaborating on Git repositories.

5. Build Tools & Dependency Management:

– Maven: A build automation tool for Java projects, also used for managing project dependencies.

– Gradle: Another build tool, known for its flexibility and efficiency.

6. Deployment and Cloud:

– Docker: Used for containerizing applications, ensuring consistency across different environments.

– Kubernetes: A container orchestration platform for managing Docker containers.

– AWS (Amazon Web Services), Azure, Google Cloud: Cloud platforms for deploying Java applications.

– CI/CD Tools: Jenkins, GitLab CI, and CircleCI for continuous integration and delivery.

7. Testing:

– JUnit: A framework for unit testing in Java.

– Mockito: A Java framework for mocking objects in unit tests.

– Selenium: A tool for automating web browser interaction and performing end-to-end tests.

– Postman: Used for testing APIs.

8. Security:

– OAuth2.0 / JWT: Authentication protocols for secure API access.

– Spring Security: A module of Spring Framework to handle authentication and authorization in a Java-based app.

Full-Stack Workflow:

1. Front-End Development: Develop user-facing features using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript (with React, Angular, or Vue).
2. Back-End Development: Build the server-side application using Java with Spring Boot, create RESTful APIs, and connect to databases.
3. Database Integration: Use relational (MySQL, PostgreSQL) or NoSQL databases (MongoDB).
4. Version Control: Use Git and GitHub for collaboration and version control.
5. Testing and Deployment: Implement unit and integration tests, and deploy the application to cloud services like AWS or Docker containers.

Skills Needed:

– Programming Languages: Java, JavaScript, SQL.

– Frameworks: Spring Boot, Hibernate, React/Angular/Vue.

– Databases: SQL/NoSQL, MongoDB, PostgreSQL.

– Version Control: Git, GitHub.

– Deployment: Docker, Kubernetes, AWS, Azure.

– CI/CD: Jenkins, GitLab CI.

– Testing: JUnit, Selenium, Postman.